Biology Lab

Lab Safety

Proper handling of biological specimens and chemicals.

Use of safety equipment (gloves, goggles, aprons).

Disposal of biological waste and sharps.

2. Microscopy

Parts and functions of a microscope.

Preparation of slides (wet mount, staining).

Observing cells (prokaryotic vs. eukaryotic, plant vs. animal).

3. Cellular Biology

Osmosis and diffusion experiments (e.g., potato cores, dialysis tubing).

Enzyme activity (effect of pH, temperature, substrate concentration).

Cell division (mitosis and meiosis slides).

4. Genetics and Molecular Biology

DNA extraction (e.g., from strawberries or bananas).

Gel electrophoresis and DNA fingerprinting.

Mendelian genetics (punnett square predictions, trait analysis).

5. Ecology

Study of local ecosystems (field trips, soil and water analysis).

Population dynamics (e.g., predator-prey simulation).

Energy flow and nutrient cycles (model ecosystems, food webs).

6. Anatomy and Physiology

Dissection of organisms (e.g., frog, earthworm, heart).

Study of human body systems (models, histology slides).

Measurement of physiological responses (pulse, respiration rate).